About the translation of Dones i literatura

L’article planteja diverses qüestions al voltant de la traducció al català de l’obra Dones i literatura, de Virginia Woolf: analitza l’autoria i gestació de l’obra original i contextualitza l’encàrrec de traducció; aborda les dificultats més rellevants de tipus lingüístic i cultural que va plantejar la traducció i, finalment, analitza el ressò o incidència que va tenir al seu dia i la rellevància en el moment actual.This paper discusses a number of issues related to the Catalan translation of an anthology of texts by Virginia Woolf on women and literature, Dones i literatura. The questions of the authorship and gestation of the work are examined and the translation project is contextualized. The most relevant linguistic and cultural difficulties raised by the translation are also commented on, as well as the echo and impact the translation had upon its publication and in the present

Sobre la traducció de Dones i literatura, de Virginia Woolf

L'article planteja diverses qüestions al voltant de la traducció al català de l'obra Dones i literatura, de Virginia Woolf: analitza l'autoria i gestació de l'obra original i contextualitza l'encàrrec de traducció; aborda les dificultats més rellevants de tipus lingüístic i cultural que va plantejar la traducció i, finalment, analitza el ressò o incidència que va tenir al seu dia i la rellevància en el moment actual.This paper discusses a number of issues related to the Catalan translation of an anthology of texts by Virginia Woolf on women and literature, Dones i literatura. The questions of the authorship and gestation of the work are examined and the translation project is contextualized. The most relevant linguistic and cultural difficulties raised by the translation are also commented on, as well as the echo and impact the translation had upon its publication and in the present

Lagged and instantaneous dynamical influences related to brain structural connectivity

Contemporary neuroimaging methods can shed light on the basis of human neural and cognitive specializations, with important implications for neuroscience and medicine. Different MRI acquisitions provide different brain networks at the macroscale; whilst diffusion-weighted MRI (dMRI) provides a structural connectivity (SC) coincident with the bundles of parallel fibers between brain areas, functional MRI (fMRI) accounts for the variations in the blood-oxygenation-level-dependent T2* signal, providing functional connectivity (FC).Understanding the precise relation between FC and SC, that is, between brain dynamics and structure, is still a challenge for neuroscience. To investigate this problem, we acquired data at rest and built the corresponding SC (with matrix elements corresponding to the fiber number between brain areas) to be compared with FC connectivity matrices obtained by 3 different methods: directed dependencies by an exploratory version of structural equation modeling (eSEM), linear correlations (C) and partial correlations (PC). We also considered the possibility of using lagged correlations in time series; so, we compared a lagged version of eSEM and Granger causality (GC). Our results were two-fold: firstly, eSEM performance in correlating with SC was comparable to those obtained from C and PC, but eSEM (not C nor PC) provides information about directionality of the functional interactions. Second, interactions on a time scale much smaller than the sampling time, captured by instantaneous connectivity methods, are much more related to SC than slow directed influences captured by the lagged analysis. Indeed the performance in correlating with SC was much worse for GC and for the lagged version of eSEM. We expect these results to supply further insights to the interplay between SC and functional patterns, an important issue in the study of brain physiology and function.Comment: Accepted and published in Frontiers in Psychology in its current form. 27 pages, 1 table, 5 figures, 2 suppl. figure

Oxy-steam combustion: The effect of coal rank and steam concentration on combustion characteristics

This paper addresses the experimental investigation of coal combustion characteristics (ignition, burnout and NO formation) under oxy-steam combustion conditions. Two coals are selected in order to compare the effect of the rank: bituminous and sub-bituminous ones. The experiments have been conducted in an electrically-heated entrained flow reactor for a set of O2/N2, O2/CO2 and O2/H2O/CO2 atmospheres, with O2 concentrations up to 35% and H2O concentrations up to 40%. Regarding ignition, 10% H2O reduces ignition temperature (max. 16–19 K) but the trend is reversed when supplying additional steam to 25% and 40%. This behaviour is similar for both coals, with slight larger variations in the case of the low rank coal. Burnout degree of the sub-bituminous coal is barely affected by the steam concentration since all observed conversions are very high. Larger increments (up to 6.1 percentage points) are obtained for the bituminous coal, with a maximum burnout degree for the 25/35% H2O/O2 atmosphere. A very different effect of steam on NO formation is found depending on the coal rank. Significant reduction rates are observed for the bituminous coal in comparison to the dry O2/CO2 atmospheres, with a maximum diminution of 24% when 40% H2O replaces CO2. On the contrary, the higher volatile content in the sub-bituminous coal leads to NO increments up to 9%. For all the combustion characteristics studied, the increase of O2 concentrations attenuates the effects caused by the steam addition

Carpal tunnel syndrome associated with oral bisphosphonates. A population-based cohort study

© 2016 Carvajal et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.Background: Bisphosphonates are widely used to prevent osteoporotic fractures. Some severe musculoskeletal reactions have been described with this medication; among them, some cases of carpal tunnel syndrome. Thus, the aim of this study was to explore whether bisphosphonates may be associated with this syndrome. Methods: A cohort study was conducted to compare exposed to unexposed women; the exposed group was that composed of women having received at least one prescription of an oral bisphosphonate. For the purpose, we used information from The Health Improvement Network (THIN) database. The outcome of interest was defined as those women diagnosed with carpal tunnel syndrome. A survival analysis was performed; the Cox proportional hazard model was used to calculate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals, and to adjust for identified confounding variables. Results: Out of a sample of 59,475 women older than 51 years, 19,825 were treated with bisphosphonates during the period studied. No differences in age distribution or mean follow-up time were observed between the two groups in comparison. Overall, there were 572 women diagnosed with carpal tunnel syndrome, 242 (1.2%) in the group exposed to bisphosphonates, and 330 (0.8%) in the unexposed. An adjusted hazard ratio of developing carpal tunnel syndrome of 1.38 (95%CI, 1.15-1.64) was found for women exposed to bisphosphonates; no significant changes in the hazard ratios were found when considering different levels of bisphosphonate exposure

Field Theory of Propagating Reaction-Diffusion Fronts

The problem of velocity selection of reaction-diffusion fronts has been widely investigated. While the mean field limit results are well known theoretically, there is a lack of analytic progress in those cases in which fluctuations are to be taken into account. Here, we construct an analytic theory connecting the first principles of the reaction-diffusion process to an effective equation of motion via field-theoretic arguments, and we arrive at the results already confirmed by numerical simulations